Essay : [Consequences Of The Gulf War]
English Essay on "Consequences Of The Gulf War"Consequences of The Gulf War
The Gulf Ward has produced consequences that are too bad for the whole world. It will, of course, he said that the price paid was worth the aggression and the restoration of legitimacy although some world leaders still hold the view that a good case could have been made for Iraq’s claim of sovereignty over Kuwait, and also that Kuwait behaved in a provocative mane in the earlier months of 1990. Likewise, the legitimacy of the Al-Salah family in Kuwait becomes suspect when the first act of the emirate authorities after the liberation was the impose martial law for a year which, protest, was reduced to six and then the three months.
Kuwait took a tentative step towards democracy on April 8 when the Emir, Sheikh Jaber al-Ahmed al-Sabah, assured the Kuwait nation that the elections would be held in 1992 and the regime would consider a role for women in the political process. Delivering the traditional address on TV before the end of the holy month of Ramzan the Emir also asked foreign troops to remain in Kuwait to repel any act that “the tyrant might embark upon so long as he is in power”, an obvious reference to the Iraqi President Sadam Hussain. This was the rulers first public speech since he returned to Kuwait from London.
While the Gulf war brought Kuwait freedom from Iraq, a lot of damage has been done to the political infrastructure of the Arab world. The Arab grouping, already fragile, has been split in half and its disunity made worse by the political split happening to coincide with the geographical divide - the divide between the Maghreb, the western half of the Arabs in North Africa, and the Meshrek, the eastern half in the haven’t and the Gulf area.
Somewhat surprisingly all the five Maghreb states, Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya plus Sudan and Yemen, were strongly Pro Iraq while in the East the six states of the Gulf Cooperation Council Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, The U.A.E and Oman plus Syria and Egypt, backed Kuwait. That is why there is no real “Arab solution”. Emotional talk of unity with the Arab family has taken a very hard knock. And without unity the Arab states, despite their size, numbers, wealth and strategic location, do not carry much weight in the world.
The hope for the democratization of the Arab world also received a set back because the victorious pro-Kuwait states, with the possible exception of Egypt have non-representative governments. And the non-democratic tendency can only be accentuated by the fact that Saudi Arabia will be the leading member of this group and the Saudis make no bones about not being in devour of democracy. The Saudis were suspicious even about Kuwait’s very tentative move towards a parliamentary system. The war emphasized the internal splits within various Arab countries because opposition parties exploited the popular pro-Iraq feeling to use it as a stick with which to beat the unpopular anti-Iraq regimes. This was the case in Morocco (in Algeria and Tunisia the demonstrators wanted their governments to be more actively pro-Iraq), in Egypt fear of student protest brought the shutdown of the Universities. There was fierce governmental repression in Syria and Saudi Arabia. The Arab polity has been over all weakened polity.
Much of the pro-Iraq demonstrations were, in fact led by anti US and anti-Western Islamic fundamentalists who politically benefited and were strengthened by the Kuwait crisis. This lurch towards fundamentalism has been particularly noticeable in a country like Jordan where the authorities and a majority of the people do not favor fundamentalism.
The Gulf War has greatly weakened the independence nonalignment and the honor and dignity of the Arab victors not only because of Iraq’s defeat but also because the anti-Iraq group is very much under the leadership of the US. The non-aligned countries played almost no part in the crisis, politically or diplomatically. The Gulf War has enhanced the dangers inherent in a unpopular world of American hegemony.
In the last days of the war that hegemony emerged in its crudest form, when the United States took control of 20,000 square miles of control Iraq, the ancient Mesopotamia, now transformed into the latest western colony of Mesopotamerica, a mere 90 minutes drive from the Shia shrine city of Najaf.
Such a colonialist action makes clear that the real US War aim the destruction of Iraq.(4essay.blogspot.com) Sadam Hussain’s Iraq presented no threat to the U.S., U.K. Egypt or Saudi Arabia; if it had wanted to invade and capture part of Saudi Arabia it had the opportunity to do that on August 2, when that COUflt lay wide open to the Iraqi forces in Kuwait. Even the Iraqi threat to its traditional enemy, Syria, was merely theoretical.
The only country that was under real iraqi threat was Israel. and it was because the Jewish state in the local strategic ally of the U.S.. and because the Israelis and the pro-Israel Zionist lobby in the U.S. control that country’s West Asia policy, and because Israel remains the enemy of Palestinians and of the Arabs in General that there is so much more anger than before against the Americans.
In the other parts of the world, especially the third world, the anger is directed at the American overkill, and also because the peace settlement that is envisaged almost demands the removal of Sadam Hussain, a matter that should be left to the Iraqi people to decide.
Clearly the main gainer in this war has been Israel by playing the clever tactic of first threatening to join the fighting and expanding the war and than claiming credit and material advantage for not joining in. Israel was the only country in the world that was happy because of the war and which wanted it to continue.
The end of the Gulf War signals the beginning of more critical (and possibly longer) economic wars. The past-war era will witness new trade skirmishes that the US will have with Japan or Germany or these between the organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the rest of the world.
Most of these economic battles will centre around international crude oil prices.(4essay.blogspot.com) Opposing interest will move the prices in opposite directions. The U.S. OPEC, Russia and other oil exporting countries will try to stabilize the price at our $25 a barrel. But Japan, Germany and the Third World importers will be happy with anything less than $20.
Meanwhile high-level U.N. mission in Kuwait has assessed the loss of life, damage to infrastructure and alleged Iraqi atrocities against the civilian population during the country; occupation by Baghdad. The mission was led by Abdul Rahim former U.N. under secretary General.
The United States administration has urged Germany, Japan and others, not involved directly in the war, to meet a good portion of the Gulf war expense along with Saudi Arabia and the oil exporting countries which had gained substantially an account of the earlier higher prices. Besides, Kuwait would have to incur a heavy expenditure in reviving the economy and overcoming the severe damage to oil installation, power stations,desalination systems and the alike. Japan and Germany has agreed to meet a substantial portion of the cost of war operations and damage to use military equipment and property. Japan has indicated that it would be willing to provide $7.5 billion for the war effort and another $2.3 billion aid for the frontline Countries in addition to the earlier commitments of $2 billion the war effort and another $2 billion to help Egypt, Turkey and Jordan.
The stock, oil, capital and currency markets have thus not witnessed any convulsive developments except for the difficulties of expatriates in cashing their holdings of west Asian currencies, only the currencies of Iraq and Kuwait are directly affected and there is no reason to be worried about the strength of currencies of the other West Asian countries. Since the war did not last long and there was no upsurge in oil prices, the 9-77 and the international lending institutions agreed to help the affected nations in overcoming the strain of the war effort, though special attention was given to a few Asian countries and other oil importing LDC’s that bore a very heavy burden.
In Pakistan, the upturn in prices for essential commodities caused considerable hardship to consumers and market values for edible oil, pulses and burn daily edible commodities products have been at the highest level in recent years. With he dislocation in transport services due to the shortage of high speed diesel oil and a cutback in imports of edible oils, there has been hectic speculative activity in the deficit regions. It is surprising that even cereals have been quoting higher and the prospects for a achieving a record output of 180 million tons in the current season has not had any dampening effect on the prices of goods by traders.
Kuwait took a tentative step towards democracy on April 8 when the Emir, Sheikh Jaber al-Ahmed al-Sabah, assured the Kuwait nation that the elections would be held in 1992 and the regime would consider a role for women in the political process. Delivering the traditional address on TV before the end of the holy month of Ramzan the Emir also asked foreign troops to remain in Kuwait to repel any act that “the tyrant might embark upon so long as he is in power”, an obvious reference to the Iraqi President Sadam Hussain. This was the rulers first public speech since he returned to Kuwait from London.
While the Gulf war brought Kuwait freedom from Iraq, a lot of damage has been done to the political infrastructure of the Arab world. The Arab grouping, already fragile, has been split in half and its disunity made worse by the political split happening to coincide with the geographical divide - the divide between the Maghreb, the western half of the Arabs in North Africa, and the Meshrek, the eastern half in the haven’t and the Gulf area.
Somewhat surprisingly all the five Maghreb states, Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya plus Sudan and Yemen, were strongly Pro Iraq while in the East the six states of the Gulf Cooperation Council Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, The U.A.E and Oman plus Syria and Egypt, backed Kuwait. That is why there is no real “Arab solution”. Emotional talk of unity with the Arab family has taken a very hard knock. And without unity the Arab states, despite their size, numbers, wealth and strategic location, do not carry much weight in the world.
The hope for the democratization of the Arab world also received a set back because the victorious pro-Kuwait states, with the possible exception of Egypt have non-representative governments. And the non-democratic tendency can only be accentuated by the fact that Saudi Arabia will be the leading member of this group and the Saudis make no bones about not being in devour of democracy. The Saudis were suspicious even about Kuwait’s very tentative move towards a parliamentary system. The war emphasized the internal splits within various Arab countries because opposition parties exploited the popular pro-Iraq feeling to use it as a stick with which to beat the unpopular anti-Iraq regimes. This was the case in Morocco (in Algeria and Tunisia the demonstrators wanted their governments to be more actively pro-Iraq), in Egypt fear of student protest brought the shutdown of the Universities. There was fierce governmental repression in Syria and Saudi Arabia. The Arab polity has been over all weakened polity.
Much of the pro-Iraq demonstrations were, in fact led by anti US and anti-Western Islamic fundamentalists who politically benefited and were strengthened by the Kuwait crisis. This lurch towards fundamentalism has been particularly noticeable in a country like Jordan where the authorities and a majority of the people do not favor fundamentalism.
The Gulf War has greatly weakened the independence nonalignment and the honor and dignity of the Arab victors not only because of Iraq’s defeat but also because the anti-Iraq group is very much under the leadership of the US. The non-aligned countries played almost no part in the crisis, politically or diplomatically. The Gulf War has enhanced the dangers inherent in a unpopular world of American hegemony.
In the last days of the war that hegemony emerged in its crudest form, when the United States took control of 20,000 square miles of control Iraq, the ancient Mesopotamia, now transformed into the latest western colony of Mesopotamerica, a mere 90 minutes drive from the Shia shrine city of Najaf.
Such a colonialist action makes clear that the real US War aim the destruction of Iraq.(4essay.blogspot.com) Sadam Hussain’s Iraq presented no threat to the U.S., U.K. Egypt or Saudi Arabia; if it had wanted to invade and capture part of Saudi Arabia it had the opportunity to do that on August 2, when that COUflt lay wide open to the Iraqi forces in Kuwait. Even the Iraqi threat to its traditional enemy, Syria, was merely theoretical.
The only country that was under real iraqi threat was Israel. and it was because the Jewish state in the local strategic ally of the U.S.. and because the Israelis and the pro-Israel Zionist lobby in the U.S. control that country’s West Asia policy, and because Israel remains the enemy of Palestinians and of the Arabs in General that there is so much more anger than before against the Americans.
In the other parts of the world, especially the third world, the anger is directed at the American overkill, and also because the peace settlement that is envisaged almost demands the removal of Sadam Hussain, a matter that should be left to the Iraqi people to decide.
Clearly the main gainer in this war has been Israel by playing the clever tactic of first threatening to join the fighting and expanding the war and than claiming credit and material advantage for not joining in. Israel was the only country in the world that was happy because of the war and which wanted it to continue.
The end of the Gulf War signals the beginning of more critical (and possibly longer) economic wars. The past-war era will witness new trade skirmishes that the US will have with Japan or Germany or these between the organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the rest of the world.
Most of these economic battles will centre around international crude oil prices.(4essay.blogspot.com) Opposing interest will move the prices in opposite directions. The U.S. OPEC, Russia and other oil exporting countries will try to stabilize the price at our $25 a barrel. But Japan, Germany and the Third World importers will be happy with anything less than $20.
Meanwhile high-level U.N. mission in Kuwait has assessed the loss of life, damage to infrastructure and alleged Iraqi atrocities against the civilian population during the country; occupation by Baghdad. The mission was led by Abdul Rahim former U.N. under secretary General.
The United States administration has urged Germany, Japan and others, not involved directly in the war, to meet a good portion of the Gulf war expense along with Saudi Arabia and the oil exporting countries which had gained substantially an account of the earlier higher prices. Besides, Kuwait would have to incur a heavy expenditure in reviving the economy and overcoming the severe damage to oil installation, power stations,desalination systems and the alike. Japan and Germany has agreed to meet a substantial portion of the cost of war operations and damage to use military equipment and property. Japan has indicated that it would be willing to provide $7.5 billion for the war effort and another $2.3 billion aid for the frontline Countries in addition to the earlier commitments of $2 billion the war effort and another $2 billion to help Egypt, Turkey and Jordan.
The stock, oil, capital and currency markets have thus not witnessed any convulsive developments except for the difficulties of expatriates in cashing their holdings of west Asian currencies, only the currencies of Iraq and Kuwait are directly affected and there is no reason to be worried about the strength of currencies of the other West Asian countries. Since the war did not last long and there was no upsurge in oil prices, the 9-77 and the international lending institutions agreed to help the affected nations in overcoming the strain of the war effort, though special attention was given to a few Asian countries and other oil importing LDC’s that bore a very heavy burden.
In Pakistan, the upturn in prices for essential commodities caused considerable hardship to consumers and market values for edible oil, pulses and burn daily edible commodities products have been at the highest level in recent years. With he dislocation in transport services due to the shortage of high speed diesel oil and a cutback in imports of edible oils, there has been hectic speculative activity in the deficit regions. It is surprising that even cereals have been quoting higher and the prospects for a achieving a record output of 180 million tons in the current season has not had any dampening effect on the prices of goods by traders.
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